Scale (salt) precipitation can occur in well streams containing saline formation and/or seawater. Extensive expertise in modeling mixtures of water, salt, and hydrocarbon fluids enables Calsep to accurately assess the scaling potential of well streams and suggest measures to avoid scale related operational problems.
Calsep's scale model unifies accurate fluid and salt models. Therefore, hydrocarbon fluid constituents, which dramatically influence and partake in scale formation (e.g. CO2 and H2S) are well described.
Well streams can carry formation water, which contains several different salts. Some of these salts may have a very limited solubility in water. Therefore, changes in pressure and temperature as well as injection of seawater affect the solubility and may lead to scale precipitation. Typical scale studies evaluate the scale formation potential in transport pipelines from wells. Further, the precipitated amounts and saturation indices for all relevant salts calculated.
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