Wax Deposition

MODULES

BASE

OBM CLEANING

PROPERTY GENERATOR

WAX

DEPOWAX

The Wax Deposition package is developed to model bulk wax precipitation and wax deposition in pipelines transporting waxy crudes or reservoir well streams. PVTsim can from a standard compositional analysis predict the wax formation temperature and the amount of precipitated wax at lower temperatures. The quality of the simulation results may be improved by further entering an n-paraffin analysis, wax amount in stock tank oil, wax appearance points and non-Newtonian viscosity data. The wax deposition at the inside of a pipeline is simulated using DepoWax, which is a compositional flow simulator fully integrated into PVTsim that handles wax deposition through a molecular diffusion model. The extensive output and plot options include wax buildup over time and the location of the wax in the pipeline, as well as how the temperature and pressure profiles evolve over time.

Modules | Wax Deposition

BASE

The BASE module is the gateway to PVTsim’s diverse capabilities for simulating reservoir fluid phase behavior from reservoir to refinery. Compositional analyses and PVT data from a PVT report are easily entered into and stored in a PVTsim database.

Important features of the Base module include:

• Extensive pure component library
• Input of GC and TBP compositions
• Normal and heavy oil characterization
• CSP and LBC viscosity models
• Flexible component lumping and preset lumping schemes
• Recombination of separator oil & gas
• Mixing or weaving of up to 100 different fluids
• 2 phase flash and phase envelope simulations

PVTsim may be used with the industry standard SRK or PR equations (76 or 78 modifications) in their original form or volume corrected. The GERG-2008 ensures accurate results for natural gases. More complex heavy oil phase equilibria can be handled using PC-SAFT equation.

OBM CLEANING

PVTsim’s module for numerical cleaning of reservoir fluid samples contaminated with oil-based drilling mud (OBM) often makes it possible to use a mud-contaminated sample in EoS modeling and thus save the operator from the expense and time it will require to take a new sample. The module includes an estimate function to find the composition of OBM contaminate and the wt% contamination when such data is not available. Contaminated measured PVT data can be input, simulated, and used in regression. The result is an EoS model for a cleaned reservoir fluid composition that can be used in simulation studies.

PROPERTY GENERATOR

The property generator is a tool for generating fluid property tables in a pressure and temperature grid. The tables can be used to get an overview of how selected properties develop with pressure or temperature. The options for customizing output also make the module suited for fluid property input to software that does not have a dedicated interface available in PVTsim. The modules considers up to three phases (gas, oil and water).

WAX

The Wax module simulates the wax appearance temperature (WAT) of a reservoir fluid, the amount of wax formed at lower temperatures, and the total wax content in the fluid. The PT curve option gives an overview of how dissolved gas and pressure affect the wax formation conditions. The PT flash option considers gas, oil and wax phases. The wax simulations can be performed with a standard compositional analysis as input. If available, an n-paraffin analysis may be entered with the fluid.
If experimental wax data is available, it is possible to tune the wax model to an experimental WAT and/or to the experimental wax content in the stock tank oil. Non-Newtonian viscosity calculations considering the effect of precipitated wax are supported.

DEPOWAX

DepoWax is a compositional multiphase pipeline flow simulator taking wax deposition into account. Being fully integrated into PVTsim the user may take full advantage of the fluid handling in PVTsim. Wax appearance temperature and wax amount can be tuned up in the wax module prior to initiating a wax deposition simulation.
In addition to a properly characterized fluid composition, the input consists of pipeline data (geometry, wall material, wall thickness, etc.), flow rate and inlet conditions. Heat exchange with the surroundings and the heat of phase transitions are handled by carrying out PH flash calculations. A non-Newtonian viscosity model handles the impact of solid wax in the bulk phase. Wax is deposited over time in the pipeline by molecular diffusion. The simulation is fully compositional and well suited for simulating multiple inlets with mixing of fluids.

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